What is CNC Fabrication?

Today, CNC fabrication is used for everything from creating medical devices to freight trains to marine propellers. While much of the CNC industry is specific to the machining of parts in manufacturing, CNC fabrication is also used to create highly detailed sculptures, 3D objects, wall art, custom furniture, interactive exhibits, and more. For companies marketing with experiential activations, such as pop-ups, events, or trade show booths, this provides a unique opportunity to use CNC fabrication to help create engaging physical environments. In this article, we’ll explain how CNC fabrication works and the possibilities for using the technology for experiential design and production.
 

How CNC Machining Works

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining is a computerized process that uses software and code to control production equipment. To create an item, CNC equipment follows a subtractive manufacturing process to remove material from a solid, such as wood, metal, plastic, or foam, to achieve the intended result. The device uses a variety of cutting, carving, bending, and laser cutting techniques to create highly precise details.

CNC Machining vs. 3D Printing

Similar to CNC machining, 3D printing is a modern fabrication technology that can be used to create highly detailed, dimensional objects. Known for making everything from fun miniatures to useful tools, 3D printers are capable of creating almost anything. It’s also possible for 3D printers to complete large-scale jobs, such as industrial parts, artwork, and even cars. The two technologies are similar, but each has distinct advantages in fabrication. 

The primary difference between 3D printing and CNC machining is the way the two machines manufacture items. 3D printing is an additive manufacturing process, in which objects are created by the layering of material, while CNC machining is subtractive and starts using a solid block of material, called a blank. 

When it comes to choosing between and comparing CNC vs 3D printing, design and fabrication companies will consider speed, accuracy, materials, and size. A company with full-service capabilities will have expertise in both technologies, serving as a valuable partner in choosing the best method for any given project.

Common Types of CNC Machining Techniques 

CNC machining techniques are capable of cutting, shaping, carving, drilling, grinding, and much more. This range of techniques makes it possible for the equipment to make incredibly precise movements, providing a far higher level of accuracy than traditional hand-carving. These techniques can also be used to add intricate details to ornamental pieces, such as engravings and etchings.

A few common types of CNC machining techniques include:

• CNC Turning - The cutting tool rotates and removes material in the pattern programmed by the equipment.
• CNC Milling - Multi-point rotary cutters remove material in the pattern programmed by the equipment and can retain the full structural integrity of the wood materials.
• CNC Drilling -  A two-edged rotating device that drills exact round holes.
• Solid Sink EDM - EDM pulses remove material from the workpiece.
• Wire EDM - A metallic wire cuts or shapes a workpiece.
• CNC Grinding - A rotating grinding wheel to remove material.
• Optical Grinding - Ultrasonic grinding of hard materials.
• Cylindrical Grinding - A grinding technique that works with an object with a central axis.

These CNC machining techniques are a primary reason why the technology often makes fabrication faster and more efficient than alternative methods. CNC machining can also be less expensive and waste less materials.

How To Find A CNC Shop 

With such a wide range of applications, CNC shops tend to specialize in different areas. Some CNC shops focus on machining high-volume parts, such as those used in medical device manufacturing. Others serve corporate brands, artists, museums, and others who want to explore the creative possibilities offered by CNC machining. Design and fabrication companies fall into this category, offering CNC services that solve complex design challenges and bring one-of-a-kind concepts to life.

These companies have a wealth of experience working with brands on unique projects like art installations, retail activations, booths for pop-ups and trade shows, custom signage and graphics, and other elements to incorporate into:

• Pop-up experiences, such as a limited-time retail experience
• Retail design with custom interior elements such as walls and lighting
• Corporate office interiors with custom furniture and art
• Corporate sculptures and art, such as wall graphics and lighting
• Art installations, such as a custom sculpture
• Creative and bold trade show design  
• Innovative museum exhibits

With a full-service design and fabrication company, brands can streamline the entire process when planning and executing an experiential marketing campaign. Not only will a design and fabrication company guide a brand through the process of working with CNC machining, but they will also manage budgeting, design feasibility, material selection, finishing, shipping, installation, and more.

Hiring a CNC Fabrication Service 

Many experienced design and fabrication studios can deliver exceptional work. When looking for the design and fabrication partner that will be the right fit for a specific project, brands should consider a studio with experience in:

• Creating pieces using various materials, including marble, metal, plastic, wood, and mixed materials
• Working with complex details and advanced engineering components
• Partnering with designers, architects, artists, general contractors, and corporate brands
• Successfully guiding a client through a CNC machining process, especially if it’s their first project

Choosing CNC Fabrication For Your Design

With the help of a full-service design and fabrication studio, companies can be unburdened from the intimidating process of CNC fabrication, and push the limits of their imagination. An experienced studio will not only work to get the most out of your budget, but will ensure that the design, build, installation, and removal of a project is seamlessly managed. 

To learn how a full-service design and fabrication company can take your next CNC project to the next level, schedule a no-pressure strategy session with Bridgewater Studio today. We'll help you determine the best means and methods to bring your concept to life, on time and budget.